Method 1: Answering Science Questions Using Models.
To study a natural geoscience process, students might find it useful
to build and test a model. Scientists use models to study processes and
phenomena that are too big, too small, too dangerous, too complicated,
too far away or take too long to study directly. For example, meteorologists
and climatologists use computer models to study and predict weather and
climate patterns. Other geoscientists might use stream table set ups as
models to study erosion patterns. Your students might choose to use models
to study the Solar System, weathering and erosion, the Earth's interior,
volcanoes, glacier movement, icebergs or many other geoscientific phenomena.
Younger students, with guidance, can use existing models in their science
projects, but older students may be capable of designing and building
their own models. Consider having older students work in groups to design
and build their models, so that they can draw upon the expertise of other
group members.
Questions for students to consider in using model-based science projects
are:
- How is my model similar to the real thing? (For example, a stream
table model can use actual soil, sand and water.)
- How is my model different from the real thing? (The same stream table
model mentioned above might be much smaller than the phenomenon the
students are investigating.)
- What can I do to improve my model? (Students can have you or their
peers critique their models and offer suggestions for improvement.)
- What did I learn from using my model? (Students should discuss their
observations as they use their models as well as afterwards.)
If it is practical, students should consider including their models with
their science project displays. That way, they can demonstrate exactly
what they did and explain what they discovered from using their models.
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