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Investigation Question 2:
How can you tell rocks apart?

Preparation

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What to do

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Assessment

Preparation

Teaching and learning focus

In this investigation, students will explore how to use the physical characteristics of rocks to group and identify the rocks.

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What you will need

For each student group:

    • rock samples with stick-on numbers from 1 - 6 (at least two sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks; see the Digging Deeper section at the end of the investigation for specific examples)
    • magnifiers for each student or pair of students
    • pencils to record observations
    • Rock Data Table (handout)
    • Rock Identification Sheet (handout)

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Safety

This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. Please also review the investigation for your specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions.

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Setting the scene

Remind students of the rocks that they studied in their first investigation. What was the same about the rocks? What was different? What characteristics did they think would be useful in identifying their rocks? Make a list of their ideas to refer to during the investigation.

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Investigation question

After the scene is set, introduce your students to the investigation question: “How can you tell rocks apart?

Tell your students that they will be investigating this question and at the end of their investigations they will be able to provide reliable answers.

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What do your students already know?

Here are some initial questions that your students can discuss, in pairs, groups and as a whole class:

  • What characteristics can you observe in rock samples?
  • How can you tell different rocks apart?

Have your students report out their ideas and make a list of them. Add to your class list called “Questions we have about rocks.” By the end of the investigation, more of these questions will probably be answered.

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At Utah's Vermillion Cliffs a siltstone butte of the Carmel Formation erodes and forms unusual shapes. © Michael Collier Image courtesy of the Earth Science World Image Bank, photo ID: ixvt1a

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Last updated: May 13, 2008


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